Thermodynamic Modeling of Liquid-Liquid Equilibrium in Ternary Systems with Biodiesel and Isolated Ester (Methyl Palmitate)

Liquid-liquid equilibrium data were measured and analyzed for two ternary systems (biodiesel + methanol glycerol methyl palmitate glycerol). Biodiesel, produced by the conventional chemical route at 60 °C min, using soybean oil a molar rate of 10:1 potassium hydroxide concentration (KOH) 1 wt% exhibited thermal decomposition temperatures between 100 250 ºC, reaching mass loss approximately 98.8%, confirming conversion into biodiesel gas chromatography thermogravimetry. Tie line composition quality was verified Othmer-Tobias Hand correlation equations. The distribution selectivity coefficients calculated immiscibility regions. experimental tie good in UNIQUAC NRTL thermodynamic models. system displayed deviations 0.66 0.53% models, respectively. In addition, showed 1.23 0.48% deviation model, individual behavior main esters , based on model parameters, demonstrated that type fatty acid does not interfere correlation, likely due to similarity their properties.